![]() Pliny also mentions that Polykleitos was one of the five major sculptors who competed in the fifth century B.C. Polykleitos's Astragalizontes ("Boys Playing at Knuckle-bones") was claimed by the Emperor Titus and set in a place of honour in his atrium. Further sculptures attributed to Polykleitos are the Discophoros (" Discus-bearer"), Diadumenos ("Youth tying a headband") and a Hermes at one time placed, according to Pliny, in Lysimachia (Thrace). He also sculpted a famous bronze male nude known as the Doryphoros ("Spear Bearer"), which survives in the form of numerous Roman marble copies. Polykleitos's figure of an Amazon for Ephesus was admired, while his colossal gold and ivory statue of Hera which stood in her temple-the Heraion of Argos-was favourably compared with the Olympian Zeus by Pheidias. The Townley Marbles Discophoros, British Museum ![]() Pausanias is adamant that they were not the same person, and that Polykleitos was from Argos, in which city state he must have received his early training, and a contemporary of Phidias (possibly also taught by Ageladas). He is sometimes called the Elder, in cases where it is necessary to distinguish him from his son, who is regarded as a major architect but a minor sculptor.Īs noted above, Polykleitos is called "The Sicyonian" by some authors, all writing in Latin, and who modern scholars view as relying on an error of Pliny the Elder in conflating another more minor sculptor from Sikyon, a disciple of Phidias, with Polykleitos of Argos. "of Argos") by others like Plato and Pausanias. "The Sicyonian", usually translated as "of Sicyon") by Latin authors including Pliny the Elder and Cicero, and Ἀργεῖος (lit. His Greek name was traditionally Latinized Polycletus, but is also transliterated Polycleitus ( Ancient Greek: Πολύκλειτος, Classical Greek Greek pronunciation:, "much-renowned") and, due to iotacism in the transition from Ancient to Modern Greek, Polyklitos or Polyclitus. Information Retrieval Springer Journals A Polykleitan Diadumenos, in a Roman marble copy, National Archaeological Museum of Athens Several combinations of primary and secondary retrieval steps were fused using the CombMNZ algorithm all yielded significant effectiveness improvement over the individual systems, with the best yielding an improvement of 13% (p = 10−6) over the best individual system and an improvement of 4% (p = 10−5) over a simple fusion of the eight systems. ![]() This positive combining effect was observed when entire documents were passed between the two retrieval steps, but not when only the expansion terms were passed. The hybrid combination of primary and secondary retrieval steps from different systems in a number of cases yielded better effectiveness than either of the constituent systems alone. Blind feedback uses the results of a preliminary retrieval step to augment the efficacy of a secondary retrieval step. Each system demonstrated improved effectiveness through the use of blind feedback, also known as pseudo-relevance feedback, a form of query expansion. Swapping documents and terms Swapping documents and termsĬlarke, Charles Cormack, Gordon Lynam, Thomas Buckley, Chris Harman, DonnaĮxperiments were conducted to explore the impact of combining various components of eight leading information retrieval systems. ![]()
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